Trigger Finger

Do you experience snapping, clicking, or locking when bending your fingers? These are often symptoms of stenosing flexor tenosynovitis, or trigger finger. Trigger finger is a common cause of hand pain in adults.

Inside your fingers are flexor tendons. These cord-like structures are covered with a sheath that allows them to glide smoothly during bending and straightening of the fingers. Tendons glide through pulleys, a band of tissue that holds the flexor tendons closer to the bones of the fingers.

Symptoms of trigger finger are commonly caused by inflammation of the flexor tendons of the fingers. Chronic inflammation leads to thickening of the pulley and nodule formation of the tendon. This restricts the smooth gliding motion of the tendon resulting in catching, popping, or pain.

Symptoms

Snapping, clicking, or locking of fingers during flexion or extension – this may be painful or painless
Palpable nodules on hand
Abnormal contraction of palm, also known as Dupuytren's contracture, may be present
Advanced condition may be painful with radiation to the entire hand and limited ability to perform daily activities

Causes

Overuse of hand and fingers
Repetitive movements of hand and fingers

Risk Factors

Engaging in activities or occupations that require repetitive movement of the hands and fingers such as clerical professions
Diabetes
Rheumatoid arthritis
Conditions of abnormal protein deposition such as amyloidosis

Diagnosis

Physical examination to evaluate condition of the hand, wrist, and arm
X-ray to show bone health
MRI or ultrasound to show soft tissue and nerve health
Electrophysiological testing to evaluate condition of the nerves

Treatment Options

Bracing or splinting
Nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory medications for pain relief
Corticosteroid injections for pain relief
Physical therapy or nerve gliding exercise