Whiplash

Whiplash occurs when the muscles in your neck suffer a strain because of a rapid movement backward and then forward. The sudden motion causes your neck’s tendons and ligaments to stretch and tear, resulting in whiplash.

Whiplash results when the muscles and ligament in your neck extend beyond their typical range of motion. Symptoms might not appear for a while, so it’s important to pay attention to any physical changes for a few days following any accident.

Symptoms

Neck pain and stiffness
Headaches, at the base of the head
Dizziness
Blurred vision

Causes

Car accidents (most common)
Being punched or shaken
Contact sport
Falls in which the head jerks backward
Blows to the head with a heavy object

Risk Factors

Participating in sports such as soccer, volleyball, basketball, or ballet dancing
Sudden increase in length or intensity of exercise
Exercising or maneuvering on slippery or uneven ground
Wearing improper shoes that do not provide adequate support and stability
Previous sprain and strains may increase your risk of repeat injuries and general instability
Poor physical condition
Excess weight

Diagnosis

Physical examination to evaluate the condition.
X-ray
MRI or CT scan may be used to determine more details about the injury

Treatment Options

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications for pain relief
Physical therapy
Immobilization such as a foam collar